Macheka a unyolo ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida zamagetsi. Popeza ali ndi mano akuthwa kwambiri komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito podula matabwa mwachangu, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yawo, kuyenera kutsatira njira zodzitetezera zolimba. Kugwiritsa ntchito kosakhazikika, osati kukonza nthawi yake, kungapangitse ngozi zina zachitetezo, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusamala nazo. Gulu lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse la akatswiri aukadaulo ochokera ku gulu la akatswiri aukadaulo la German Steele linafotokoza mwachidule maluso osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukonza macheka a unyolo ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunika kusamalidwa, kuti agawane ndi owerenga.
● Onetsetsani nthawi zonse kuti mafuta a unyolo wa macheka
Unyolo wodula ndi mafuta owongolera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa unyolo wodula, ndipo ndikofunikira. Katswiriyo anati, unyolo wodula uyenera kuti unatayidwa kuchokera mu mafuta ochepa opaka, sugwira ntchito mu unyolo wodula popanda mafuta. Ngati unyolo wodula uuma, chida chodulira chidzawonongeka posachedwa ndipo sichingakonzedwe. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mafuta opaka ndi opaka mafuta mu thanki ya mafuta tisanayambe ntchito.
Pofuna kuti macheka a unyolo ndi malangizo apeze mafuta odzola okha komanso odalirika, macheka ang'onoang'ono owononga chilengedwe ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mafuta odzola, monga mphamvu yoletsa ukalamba ndi yamphamvu, mafuta odzola otha kuwonongeka mwachangu amatha kuwonongeka. Ngati mphamvu yoletsa ukalamba ndi yochepa, mafuta odzola amasungunuka mosavuta, ndipo amaundana mosavuta, makamaka m'zigawo zotumizira unyolo wa macheka, clutch ndi mozungulira unyolo wa macheka. Pampu ikamatirira, musagwiritse ntchito mafuta odzola zinyalala. Mafuta odzola zinyalala alibe mphamvu yofunikira yodzola, ndipo kuwonekera mobwerezabwereza ku mafuta odzola zinyalala kungayambitse khansa ya pakhungu, mafuta odzola zinyalala amawononga chilengedwe.
Nthawi iliyonse mukawonjezera mafuta ku mafuta odzola unyolo, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi iliyonse mafuta akatha, thanki ya mafuta odzola unyolo imakhala ndi mafuta odzola otsala. Ngati mafuta odzola mafuta m'thanki ya mafuta sanachepe, mwina chifukwa cha njira yodzola mafuta yatsekedwa. Pakadali pano, yang'anani mafuta odzola unyolo, mafuta oyeretsera, ngati pakufunika, athandizeni wogulitsa.
Kuti mupewe kunyamula katundu wambiri, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake, mu bokosi loyamba la mafuta atatu, musamayendetse liwiro losagwira ntchito. Chifukwa cha zinthu zoyenda, ziyenera kukhala mukuyenda nthawi yophunzirana, kotero nthawi ya silinda yayifupi iyi imakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kwa kukangana. Mafuta a injini yogwiritsidwa ntchito akafika pa bokosi lake lamphamvu kwambiri, pafupifupi 5 mpaka 15. Pa nthawi ya ntchito yanthawi zonse ya chainsaw, kusintha kwa mphamvu sikuli kotsika kwambiri, izi zitha kuwononga injini.
Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zonse muyenera kuyang'ana mphamvu ya unyolo wa macheka. Poyerekeza ndi nthawi yayitali yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito mu unyolo wa macheka, unyolo umafunika kulimbitsa macheka atsopano pafupipafupi. Nthawi zambiri mukakhala ozizira, mbali ya unyolo wa macheka imakokabe ndi dzanja limodzi ndi unyolo, fotokozani kuchuluka kwa kulimba kwa kulondola. Mukafika kutentha kogwira ntchito, kukulitsa unyolo wa macheka kumayamba kumasuka. Cholumikizira cha drive sichiloledwa kutsogolera mbali yapansi kuchokera mu malo owongolera, apo ayi unyolo wa macheka udzagwa. Ngati pakufunika, kulimbitsa unyolo wa macheka kudzagwanso. Ikauma, kufupika kwa unyolo wa macheka kudzachepa. Yakwana nthawi yoti mumasulire unyolo wa macheka, apo ayi udzawononga crankshaft ndi bearing.
● Tsatanetsatane wa kunyalanyaza kugwiritsa ntchito macheka a unyolo
Chain saw ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, pali ntchito zingapo zomwe zimafuna kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azisamala kwambiri tsatanetsatane. Choyamba, yambani chain saw, Mo idzayamba kumapeto kwa chingwe. Yambani pang'onopang'ono kukoka chogwirira choyambira ndi dzanja, mpaka pamalo oyimitsa, kenako ndikukoka mwachangu nthawi yomweyo, chisanatsegulidwe. Katswiri anati, musakoke chingwe choyambira kwathunthu mpaka kumapeto, kapena chingasweke. Pakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri salabadira tsatanetsatane, pakapita nthawi, chingwe choyambira chimawonongeka mosavuta. Dziwaninso kuti, musalole chogwirira choyambira kuti chibwerere m'mbuyo, chiyenera kuchedwa kubwezanso mu casing, kuti chingwe choyambira chikhale chozungulira bwino.
Kachiwiri, injini ikayamba kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, iyenera kuyisiya ikugwira ntchito kwa kanthawi kuti mpweya wozizira utulutse kutentha kwambiri kwa injini. Izi zingathandize kupewa kuyika kwa zinthu za injini (choyatsira moto, carburetor) kuti kutentha kuwonekere kwambiri.
Apanso, ngati mphamvu ya injini yachepa moonekeratu, ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi fyuluta ya mpweya yodetsedwa. Chotsani chivundikiro cha bokosi la carburetor, chotsani fyuluta ya mpweya, chotsani fyuluta yozungulira dothi, ndikulekanitsa magawo awiri a fyuluta, ndi chikhatho cha fyuluta yoyera ya fumbi la dzanja, kapena ndi mpweya wopanikizika kuchokera mkati kupita kunja.
Ngati dothi la fyuluta lakanirira, muyenera kuyika fyulutayo mu chotsukira chapadera kapena choyera, chosayaka moto (monga madzi otsukira m'madzi ofunda a sopo. Sambitsani ndi kuumitsa). Musagwiritse ntchito burashi kutsuka fyuluta ya ubweya.
Ikaninso fyuluta ya mpweya, kumbukirani kuyang'ana chitseko ndipo kasupe wa torsion uli pamalo oyenera.
● Kukonza pambuyo pake munthawi yake kuti kumalizidwe
Kusamalira macheka a unyolo, chofunika kwambiri ndi macheka a unyolo. Kusamalira bwino ndi kukulitsa unyolo wa macheka, kupanikizika kochepa kwambiri kumatha kulowa mosavuta m'matabwa pocheka. Kusamalira tsiku ndi tsiku, kuyenera kusamala ngati macheka a unyolo amalumikizana ndi rivet. Sinthani zigawo zilizonse zowonongeka kapena zosweka za unyolo wa macheka, kenako sakanizani ndi zigawo zatsopano za mawonekedwe oyambirira ndi kukula komweko. Unyolo wolimba wa macheka ndi wotsutsa kukwawa.
Unyolo wonola mano odulidwa, nthawi zambiri ndi ogulitsa ntchito kuti amalize. Kunola mano kuyenera kukhala ndi ngodya ya mano odulidwa. Ngodya yonse ya mano odulidwa iyenera kukhala yofanana, ngati ndi yosiyana, kenako mano odulidwa ayenera kukhala osasalala, komanso osawonongeka kwambiri, mpaka mano odulidwa atasweka. Kutalika kwa mano onse odulidwa kuyenera kukhala kofanana. Ngati sichoncho, kutalika kwa mano kudzakhala kosiyana, zomwe zingayambitsenso kuti unyolo wodulidwa ukhale wosakhazikika komanso kusweka komaliza. Mukamaliza kupukuta unyolo wodulidwa, yesani mafupa omangiriridwa kapena fumbi ndi mafuta a mano odulidwa. Ngati si nthawi yayitali, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti unyolo wodulidwa uli bwino.
Kuti musunge unyolo kwa nthawi yayitali, khalani pamalo opumira bwino, thanki yamafuta imakhala yopanda kanthu komanso yoyera. Mu carburetor, pukutani injini musanayiyatse nthawi zonse, kuti carburetor diaphragm isamamatire pamodzi. Tsukani unyolo wa saw ndi kutsogolera, tsitsani, kenako thirani mafuta oletsa dzimbiri. Tsukani makinawo bwino, makamaka chipete choziziritsira cha silinda ndi fyuluta ya mpweya. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola a unyolo wachilengedwe, thankiyo idzagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Dziwani kuti, ngakhale malinga ndi zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza makina a chainsaw, zigawo zina za makina amphamvu zimakhala ndi kuwonongeka kwabwinobwino, motero ziyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi zigawo za chitsanzo ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito, nthawi yake ikatha. Zigawozi zikuphatikizapo: unyolo wa macheka, mbale yotsogolera, zida zotumizira (clutch, clutch wheel drum, chain wheel), fyuluta, chipangizo choyambira, spark plug ndi zida zochepetsera chinyezi ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-15-2022